Alfresco uses JNI on Netbios to serve files over CIFS on windows servers,
http://www.codase.com search for win32netbios.c
Uses a combination of

[NetBIOS]-> NCBADDNAME
[NetBIOS]-> NCBLISTEN
[NetBIOS]-> NCBRECV

Also see their JLAN product.
Unfortunately, this is apparently not supported on Vista, Windows Server 2008. Source: MSDN
There seems to be some workarounds documented on the Alfresco wiki Vista And Windows 2008 through firewalling [...]